Ammonia Solution 27%

Ammonia Solution 27%

Ammonia solution 27%, also known as aqueous ammonia or ammonium hydroxide, is a clear, colorless, and highly alkaline liquid containing 27% ammonia gas dissolved in water. It is widely used in various industrial, agricultural, and household applications.

Physical and Chemical Properties:

1. Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid.
2. Odor: Strong, pungent smell (characteristic of ammonia).
3. pH: Highly alkaline (pH ~11.6–11.8).
4. Density: ~0.89 g/cm³ at 20°C.
5. Boiling Point: ~37°C (varies depending on the ammonia concentration).
6. Flash Point: Non-flammable but can intensify fires if combined with flammable materials.

Applications:

1. Agriculture:

• Fertilizer Production: Used as a nitrogen source in fertilizers (e.g., ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate).
• Soil pH Adjuster: Neutralizes acidic soils.

2. Industrial Applications:

• Cleaning Agents: Used in household and industrial cleaners for degreasing and removing stains.
• Water Treatment: Adjusts pH in wastewater and removes heavy metals by precipitation.
• Chemical Manufacturing:
  • Produces ammonium salts (e.g., ammonium chloride).
  • Used in the production of dyes, plastics, and textiles.

3. Household Use:

• Found in glass cleaners, oven cleaners, and floor cleaners due to its degreasing properties.

4. Cooling Systems:

• Used in absorption refrigeration systems as a refrigerant.

5. Metal Processing:

• Cleans and etches metals, especially in electronics and circuit board manufacturing.

Handling and Safety:

Hazards:

1. Corrosive: Can cause severe irritation or burns to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system.
2. Toxic: Ammonia vapors are toxic when inhaled in high concentrations.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):

• Gloves: Chemical-resistant gloves (e.g., nitrile or neoprene).
• Eye Protection: Safety goggles or face shield.
• Respiratory Protection: Use a respirator in poorly ventilated areas or where vapors are high.

Storage:

• Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.
• Use tightly sealed, corrosion-resistant containers (e.g., plastic or stainless steel).
• Avoid direct sunlight and heat sources.
• Keep away from acids and oxidizing agents.

First Aid:

1. Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if symptoms persist.
2. Skin Contact: Rinse with water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical attention for burns.
3. Eye Contact: Flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes and seek immediate medical attention.
4. Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth and seek immediate medical help.

Dilution and Usage:

• If required to dilute the solution for specific applications, always add ammonia solution to water slowly while stirring to prevent splashing and excessive vapor release. Never add water to ammonia, as it can cause a violent reaction.

Common Precautions:

• Use in well-ventilated areas to minimize exposure to fumes.
• Ensure proper labeling and secure storage to avoid accidental misuse.

Let me know if you need details about specific applications or preparation methods involving ammonia solution!